Mfundo yothira zinc yotentha ingafotokozedwe motere: choyamba, mpweya wothamanga kwambiri ndi mapaipi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera tinthu ta mchenga pamwamba pa chogwirira ntchito kuti achotse dzimbiri ndi kuchuluka kwa okosijeni pamwamba pa chitsulo, pomwe pamwamba pake pamakhala kusowa mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu ya kupopera kutentha. Kenako, mpweya, acetylene kapena gwero la kutentha lamagetsi (kutenthetsa kwamagetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zogwirira ntchito zazikulu, kutenthetsa kwa okosijeni ndi acetylene kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zogwirira ntchito zazing'ono ndi zapakatikati) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera mu mpweya wopanikizika ndi zida zapadera (zopopera) kuti zipopere zinc yoyikidwa pa atomized pa liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri pamwamba pa chitsulo.
Ubwino Wopangira Magalasi
1. Kupopera zinki pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoziziritsira (cold galvanizing) kumagwiritsa ntchito pickling ndi phosphating ngati njira yochiritsira, zomwe zimasiya zotsalira za asidi ndi alkali pamwamba pa workpiece, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzimbiri liziwonongeke komanso zimapangitsa kuti zinki yophimbidwa ndi madzi ozizira ichotsedwe. Njira yopopera zinki imagwiritsa ntchito kuphulika kwa mchenga ngati njira yochiritsira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti workpiece ikhale yoyera komanso yolimba. Izi zimaletsa dzimbiri kuchokera mkati ndi kunja pambuyo popopera zinki.
2. Kuthira ma galvanizing m'madzi otentha kumafuna kutentha kwapadera kwa pafupifupi 440°C, komwe kungayambitse kusintha kwa ntchito. Komabe, njira yothira zinc imagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kochepa kwambiri, kochepera 80°C, kuteteza kusintha kwa ntchito. 3. Njira zothira ma galvanizing m'madzi ozizira komanso otentha zimaletsa ntchito kukhala m'litali, m'lifupi, ndi kutalika kwa thanki yothira ma galvanizing, pomwe njira zothira zinc sizili choncho.
4. Njira zonse ziwiri zoyeretsera ma galvanizing ozizira komanso otentha zimakumananso ndi vuto la kukonza pamalopo. Kuwonongeka kwa ma weld panthawi yoyika, kukweza ndi kutsitsa pamalopo, kapena kunyamula kumatha kukonzedwa kokha ndi utoto. Ndi kupopera zinc, kukonza pamalopo kungachitike pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera zinc, kupewa zovuta.
5. Popeza kupopera madzi ozizira pogwiritsa ntchito pickling ndi phosphating ngati chithandizo choyambirira, pamwamba pa workpiece ndi wovuta ndipo chophimba sichigwira ntchito bwino. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kupopera madzi ndi zinc kumagwiritsa ntchito sandblasting ngati chithandizo choyambirira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chophimbacho chikhale cholimba komanso cholimba bwino, ndipo chimakhala ndi mphamvu yolimba ya ≥6 MPa.
6. Kuyika ma galvanizing mu dip yozizira kumawononga madzi kwambiri ndipo kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu pa chilengedwe, pomwe kuyika ma galvanizing mu dip yotentha sikuwononga kwambiri chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kuyika ma galvanizing mu dip yotentha kudzakhala kotchuka kwambiri poteteza dzimbiri pa nyumba zachitsulo.
Njira Yopopera Zinc Yotentha
Njira yonse yomangira zinc yothira dzimbiri yothira dzimbiri imagawidwa m'magawo anayi: kuchiza pamwamba → kupopera zinc → kutsekereza → kuyang'anira khalidwe
Chithandizo cha Pamwamba
Popeza ubwino wa kukonza pamwamba umakhudza mwachindunji ubwino ndi nthawi yayitali ya chophimbacho, kukonza bwino pamwamba pa maziko ndikofunikira. Pukutani pamwamba pa maziko kuti muchotse dzimbiri malinga ndi zofunikira pa ndondomekoyi. Miyezo yochotsera dzimbiri imatsatira muyezo wa Sa3 mu "Miyeso ya Dzimbiri ndi Kuchotsa Dzimbiri pa Malo Achitsulo Musanapente" (GB8923-88). Muyezo uwu umafotokoza zofunikira izi: Pukutani bwino kuti muchotse mamba, mafuta, dzimbiri, dothi, utoto, ndi zina zowonjezera. Pamwamba pake payenera kukhala ndi kunyezimira kofanana kwachitsulo. Mukapukuta mchenga, yeretsani pamwamba ndi mpweya woyera, wouma kapena burashi yoyera. Muyezo wa Sa3 mu "Miyeso ya Dzimbiri ndi Kuchotsa Dzimbiri pa Malo Achitsulo Musanapente" (GB8923-88) uyeneranso kuganiziridwa.
Kuphulika kwa mchenga
Pakugwiritsa ntchito, zida ndi miyeso iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito: chokometsera mpweya, thanki ya mpweya, cholekanitsa madzi ndi mafuta, fyuluta ya mpweya, mphika wophulitsa mchenga, tepi yomatira, mfuti yophulitsa mchenga, ndi nozzle ya porcelain yosatha. Chopondereza chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, mchenga wamtsinje wozungulira (0.5-2mm). Mchenga uyenera kukhala wouma, wokhala ndi chinyezi chochepera 1%, komanso woyera komanso wopanda zonyansa. Nozzle imagwiritsa ntchito nozzle yomatira yooneka ngati L. Kudzera mu gawo lokulitsa-kukakamiza-kukula, kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera mu nozzle yophulitsa mchenga kumafika pa liwiro la supersonic, kumawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu ya kinetic ya chopondereza, kuyambitsanso ndikuwonjezera magetsi pamwamba pa substrate, motero kumawonjezera mphamvu yolumikizira ya chophimbacho. Njira yochotsera dzimbiri imaphatikizapo mpweya wopanikizika wolowa mu thanki ya mpweya, kudutsa mu cholekanitsa madzi ndi mafuta ndi fyuluta ya mpweya kuti ikhale yoyera, youma, komanso yopanda mafuta, isanalowe mu mphika wophulitsa mchenga. Tepi yomatira imakanikiza mchenga mu mfuti yophulitsa mchenga ndikuwuphulitsa pa substrate yachitsulo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi, kukonza pamwamba kumatha kukwaniritsa miyezo ya Sa3, yokhala ndi kuuma kwa pamwamba kwa 40-60µm. Pakadali pano, mphamvu ya electrode, mulingo woyatsira, ndi kumatirira kwa pamwamba pa chitsulo zonse zafika pamlingo woyenera.
Kupopera Zinc
Kupopera zinc kuyenera kumalizidwa mkati mwa maola 2-3 kuchokera pamene mchenga waphulika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mphamvu ya electrode pamwamba pa substrate pambuyo pa kuphulika kwa mchenga ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi yomwe isanachitike chithandizo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ifike pa mphamvu yake yocheperako. Pakadali pano, kuyatsa kwa pamwamba pa substrate kumafika pamtengo wake wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yolumikizira pakati pa substrate ndi chophimba imakhala yapamwamba kwambiri. Mphamvu ya electrode pamwamba pa substrate imakhalabe yokhazikika kwa maola 2-3. Pakapita nthawi, mphamvu ya electrode pamwamba imayamba kuwonjezeka, mphamvu yolumikizira imafooka, ndipo mphamvu yolumikizira pakati pa chophimba ndi substrate imachepa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha makulidwe a filimu ya oxide pamwamba. Pakatha maola 2-3, filimu yopyapyala ya oxide imasweka mosavuta ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono topopera mofulumira kwambiri ikakhudza pamwamba. Pambuyo pa maola 2-3, filimu ya oxide imagwira ntchito ngati chotchinga pakati pa chophimba ndi substrate, kusokoneza kugwirizana pakati pa chophimba ndi substrate. Zipangizo zopopera zimagwiritsa ntchito mfuti yopopera yopangidwa m'dziko (nthawi zambiri mfuti yopopera ya Zhonglian yochokera ku Shanghai Spraying Machinery Factory). Zinc yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi waya wa zinc wapamwamba kwambiri, wopanda mafuta wokhala ndi mainchesi a 3 mm komanso zinc yokwanira 99.5%-99.7%.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-05-2025
