Chifukwa Chake Ductile Iron Ndi Chosankha Chabwino Kwambiri Cha Madzi Olimba ku North America

Mu gawo la mapaipi operekera madzi ndi kugawa madzi m'mizinda ku North America ndi padziko lonse lapansi,mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi ductileakukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa zomangamanga zamakono zamadzi chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso ubwino wawo wokhalitsa. Ngakhale mapaipi a PVC ali ndi chiŵerengero chotsika cha kusweka (chiwerengero cha kusweka kwa mapaipi pa makilomita 100 pachaka), zinthuzo zokha zimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha chitetezo—mapaipi a PVC amapangidwa kwambiri ndi vinyl chloride, chinthu chomwe chadziwika kuti chimayambitsa khansa mwa anthu ndi akuluakulu apadziko lonse lapansi kuyambira 1974, ndipo chifukwa chake chaletsedwa m'zinthu zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu monga hairspray, zodzoladzola, ndi mankhwala.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi ductile, okhala ndimphamvu ndi kulimba kwabwino kwambiri, zimatha kupirira mosavuta malo ovuta komanso osinthasintha pansi pa nthaka. Kaya ndi kusintha kwa nthaka, nyengo yoipa, kapena nyengo yoipa, zimasunga kapangidwe kake bwino ndipo sizimasweka mosavuta.

Mu mayeso okhwima olimbana ndi moto ku Birmingham, Alabama, mapaipi a EN545 DI adawonetsa kukana kutentha kwambiri: pamalo otentha kwambiri omwe amafika pafupifupi 747°C (1500°F), sanangokhalabe olimba komanso adapambana mayeso okakamiza a 3.4 MPa (500 psi). Kugwira ntchito kodalirika kumeneku pansi pa mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pothana ndi mavuto a nyengo ndi masoka achilengedwe. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, milandu ya kuwonongeka kwa mapaipi a PVC pambuyo pa moto wachilengedwe m'madera ena sikuti idangodetsa madzi akumwa komanso idalepheretsa kwambiri ntchito yozimitsa moto chifukwa cha kulephera kwa njira yoperekera madzi.

Mwachidule, mapaipi achitsulo opangidwa ndi ductile, omwe ndi olimba kwambiri, otetezeka, komanso osinthasintha nyengo, amapereka chitsimikizo cholimba chomanga zomangamanga zamadzi zokhazikika komanso zodalirika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale chisankho chanzeru cha machitidwe operekera madzi mtsogolo.