mwala. LOUIS (AP) - M'mizinda yambiri, palibe amene amadziwa komwe mapaipi otsogolera amapita mobisa. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa mapaipi otsogolera amatha kuipitsa madzi akumwa. Chiyambireni vuto la Flint, akuluakulu aku Michigan adalimbikira kuti apeze payipi, sitepe yoyamba kuti ichotsedwe.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi mabiliyoni a madola a ndalama zatsopano za federal zomwe zilipo kuti athetse vutoli, malo ena ali pamalo abwino kuposa ena kuti apemphe thandizo la ndalama mwamsanga ndikuyamba kukumba.
"Tsopano vuto ndiloti tikufuna kuchepetsa nthawi yomwe anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo amakumana ndi kutsogolera," anatero Eric Schwartz, co-CEO wa BlueConduit, yemwe amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta kuti athandize anthu kufotokozera malo omwe ali ndi mapaipi otsogolera.
Ku Iowa, mwachitsanzo, mizinda yowerengeka yokha yapeza mapaipi awo otsogolera madzi, ndipo mpaka pano mmodzi yekha - Dubuque - adapempha ndalama zatsopano za federal kuti awachotse. Akuluakulu aboma ali ndi chidaliro kuti apeza zomwe akutsogolera boma la feduro lisanafike 2024, kupatsa anthu nthawi yofunsira ndalama.
Kutsogolera m'thupi kumachepetsa IQ, kuchedwa kukula, ndipo kumayambitsa mavuto a khalidwe mwa ana. Mipope yamtovu imatha kulowa m'madzi akumwa. Kuwachotsa kumathetsa chiwopsezocho.
Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, mapaipi otsogolera mamiliyoni ambiri anakwiriridwa pansi kuti apereke madzi apampopi kunyumba ndi malonda. Amakhazikika ku Midwest ndi Northeast, koma amapezeka kudera lonselo. Kusunga mbiri kumatanthauza kuti mizinda yambiri sadziwa mapaipi awo amadzi opangidwa ndi mtovu osati PVC kapena mkuwa.
Malo ena, monga Madison ndi Green Bay, Wisconsin, atha kuchotsa malo awo. Koma ndivuto lokwera mtengo, ndipo m'mbiri pakhala pali ndalama zochepa za federal kuti zithetse vutoli.
“Kusoŵeka kwa zinthu zakuthupi kwakhala vuto lalikulu nthaŵi zonse,” anatero Radhika Fox, mkulu wa bungwe la Water Resources Office la Environmental Protection Agency.
Chaka chatha, Purezidenti Joe Biden adasaina lamulo la zomangamanga kukhala lamulo, lomwe pamapeto pake lidalimbikitsa kwambiri popereka $ 15 biliyoni pazaka zisanu zothandizira madera kumanga mapaipi otsogolera. Sikokwanira kungothetsa vutoli, koma zithandiza.
Eric Olson wa m’bungwe la Natural Resources Defense Council anati: “Mukapanda kuchitapo kanthu n’kufunsira, simudzalipidwa.
Eric Oswald, woyang’anira chigawo cha Michigan Drinking Water Division, anati akuluakulu a m’derali akhoza kuyamba ntchito yokonzanso malowa asanamalize kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane, koma kuyerekezera komwe mapaipi otsogolera angakhale othandiza.
"Tiyenera kudziwa kuti apeza njira zazikulu zothandizira tisanapereke ndalama zothandizira kugwetsa," adatero.
Mapaipi otsogolera akhala owopsa kwa zaka zambiri. M'zaka zaposachedwa, anthu okhala ku Newark, New Jersey ndi Benton Harbor, Michigan akhala akukakamizika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a m'mabotolo pazinthu zofunika monga kuphika ndi kumwa pambuyo poyesa kuwonetsa milingo ya lead. Ku Flint, komwe kuli anthu ambiri akuda, akuluakulu aboma poyamba adakana kuti pali vuto lotsogolera, ndikuyika chidwi cha dziko lonse pamavuto azaumoyo. Pambuyo pake, chidaliro cha anthu pamadzi apampope chinachepa, makamaka m'madera akuda ndi a Hispanic.
Shri Vedachalam, yemwe ndi mkulu woona za madzi ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ku Environmental Consulting & Technology Inc., adanena kuti ali ndi chiyembekezo chakuti anthu am'deralo adzasintha mapaipi kuti apindule ndi anthu okhalamo.
Pali zizindikiro kuti manyazi ndi chilimbikitso. Pambuyo pochepetsa mayendedwe okwera kwambiri, Michigan ndi New Jersey atenga njira zovuta kuthana ndi lead m'madzi akumwa, kuphatikiza kufulumizitsa kupanga mapu. Koma m'maiko ena, monga Iowa ndi Missouri, omwe sanakumanepo ndi zovuta ngati izi, zinthu zikuchedwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti, EPA idalamula madera kuti alembe mapaipi awo. Ndalamazi zidzabwera malinga ndi zosowa za boma lililonse, Fox adatero. Thandizo laukadaulo ndi kuwongolera mikhalidwe ya anthu omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa.
Kuyesa madzi ku Hamtramck, mzinda wa anthu pafupifupi 30,000 wozunguliridwa ndi Detroit, kumawonetsa milingo yowopsa ya lead. Mzindawu ukuganiza kuti mapaipi ake ambiri ndi opangidwa ndi zitsulo zovutazi ndipo akuyesetsa kusintha.
Ku Michigan, kusintha mapaipi ndikotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti anthu akumaloko apempha ndalama zambiri kuposa zomwe zilipo.
EPA imagawira ndalama zoyambilira pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosaganizira kuchuluka kwa mapaipi otsogolera m'boma lililonse. Zotsatira zake, mayiko ena amalandira ndalama zochulukirapo kuposa ena. Bungweli likuyesetsa kukonza izi m'zaka zikubwerazi. Michigan ikuyembekeza kuti ngati mayiko sagwiritsa ntchito ndalamazo, ndalamazo zidzapita kwa iwo.
Schwartz wa BlueConduit adati akuluakulu akuyenera kusamala kuti asaphonye kuwunika kwa mapaipi m'malo osauka kuti atsimikizire zolondola. Kupanda kutero, ngati madera olemera ali ndi zolemba zabwinoko, atha kupeza ndalama zina mwachangu, ngakhale safunikira zambiri.
Dubuque, mzinda womwe uli pamtsinje wa Mississippi wa anthu pafupifupi 58,000, ukufunika ndalama zoposa $48 miliyoni kuti zilowe m'malo pafupifupi mapaipi 5,500 okhala ndi lead. Ntchito yojambula mapu idayamba zaka zingapo zapitazo ndipo akuluakulu am'mbuyomu adawonetsetsa kuti zasinthidwa bwino ndipo zikuyembekezeka kukhala zofunikira m'boma tsiku lina. Iwo akulondola.
Zoyeserera zam'mbuyomu zapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kufunsira ndalama, atero a Christopher Lester, manejala wa dipatimenti yamadzi mumzindawu.
"Tili ndi mwayi kuti titha kuwonjezera nkhokwe. Sitiyenera kuyesa kupeza," adatero Lester.
Bungwe la Associated Press lalandira thandizo kuchokera ku Walton Family Foundation pofotokoza za mfundo za madzi ndi zachilengedwe. Associated Press ndiyokhayo yomwe ili ndi zonse zomwe zili. Pazachilengedwe chonse cha AP, pitani ku https://apnews.com/hub/climate-and-environment.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-21-2022
