Katundu, Ubwino ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ductile Iron

Chitsulo chachitsulo, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti spheroidal kapena nodular iron, ndi gulu lazitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi microstructure yapadera yomwe imawapatsa mphamvu zambiri, kusinthasintha, kulimba, komanso kusinthasintha. Lili ndi carbon yoposa 3 peresenti ndipo imatha kupindika, kupindika, kapena kupunduka popanda kusweka, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka graphite flake. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chofanana ndi chitsulo pamakina ake komanso champhamvu kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chokhazikika.

Kuponyedwa kwachitsulo kumapangidwa pothira chitsulo chosungunula mu nkhungu, momwe chitsulo chimazizira ndi kulimba kupanga mawonekedwe ofunikira. Kuponyera kumeneku kumabweretsa zinthu zachitsulo zolimba zomwe zimakhala zolimba kwambiri.

Nchiyani Chimapangitsa Ductile Iron Kukhala Yapadera?

Chitsulo chachitsulo chinapangidwa mu 1943 monga kusintha kwamakono kuposa chitsulo chachikhalidwe. Mosiyana ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo, kumene graphite imawoneka ngati flakes, chitsulo cha ductile chimakhala ndi graphite mumpangidwe wa spheroids, motero mawu akuti "spheroidal graphite." Kapangidwe kameneka kamalola kuti chitsulo chachitsulo chizitha kupindika ndi kugwedezeka popanda kusweka, kupereka mphamvu yolimba kwambiri kuposa chitsulo chachikhalidwe, chomwe chimakonda kuphulika ndi kusweka.

Chitsulo chachitsulo chimapangidwa makamaka ndi chitsulo cha nkhumba, chitsulo choyera kwambiri chokhala ndi chitsulo choposa 90%. Chitsulo cha nkhumba chimakondedwa chifukwa chimakhala ndi zinthu zochepa zotsalira kapena zovulaza, chemistry yosasinthasintha, ndipo imalimbikitsa mikhalidwe yabwino ya slag panthawi yopanga. Zomwe zimayambira izi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe ma ductile iron foundries amakonda chitsulo cha nkhumba kuposa zinthu zina monga zitsulo.

Makhalidwe a Ductile Iron

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yachitsulo cha ductile imapangidwa ndikuwongolera kapangidwe ka matrix mozungulira ma graphite panthawi yoponya kapena powonjezera kutentha. Zosiyanasiyana zazing'onozi zimapangidwira kuti zikwaniritse ma microstructures enieni, omwe amatsimikiziranso zamtundu uliwonse wa chitsulo cha ductile.

Chitsulo chachitsulo chikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati chitsulo chokhala ndi ma graphite spheroids ophatikizidwa. Maonekedwe azitsulo zachitsulo zozungulira ma graphite spheroids zimakhudza kwambiri mphamvu za chitsulo cha ductile, pamene graphite yokha imathandizira kuti ikhale yosalala komanso yosinthasintha.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matrices mu chitsulo cha ductile, ndipo zotsatirazi ndizofala kwambiri:

1. 1. Ferrite- Matrix oyera achitsulo omwe amakhala odumphira kwambiri komanso osinthika, koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa. Ferrite ilibe kukana kuvala bwino, koma kukana kwake kwakukulu komanso kuphweka kwa makina kumapangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lofunikira pamakalasi achitsulo a ductile.
2. 2. Pearlite- Gulu la ferrite ndi iron carbide (Fe3C). Ndizovuta kwambiri ndi ductility zolimbitsa thupi, zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, kukana kuvala bwino, komanso kukana kukhudzidwa pang'ono. Pearlite imaperekanso makina abwino.
3. 3. Pearlite / Ferrite- Kapangidwe kosakanikirana kokhala ndi pearlite ndi ferrite, yomwe ndi matrix omwe amapezeka kwambiri pamagawo azamalonda achitsulo cha ductile. Zimaphatikiza mawonekedwe a onse awiri, kupereka njira yoyenera ya mphamvu, ductility, ndi machinability.

Kapangidwe kake kakang'ono kachitsulo chilichonse kamasintha mawonekedwe ake:

Maphunziro a Iron Common Ductile Iron

Ngakhale pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo cha ductile, zoyambira zimapereka magiredi atatu wamba:

Ubwino wa Ductile Iron

Ductile iron imapereka maubwino angapo kwa opanga ndi opanga:

• • Ikhoza kuponyedwa mosavuta ndi makina, kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira.
• • Ili ndi chiŵerengero champhamvu cha mphamvu ndi kulemera, kulola zigawo zolimba koma zopepuka.
• • Chitsulo chachitsulo chimapereka mphamvu yabwino yolimba, yotsika mtengo, komanso yodalirika.
• • Kuthekera kwake kwapamwamba ndi machinability kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kwa magawo ovuta.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ductile Iron

Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake ndi ductility, chitsulo ductile ali osiyanasiyana ntchito mafakitale. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mapaipi, zida zamagalimoto, magiya, nyumba zapampu, ndi zoyambira zamakina. Kukana kwachitsulo cha ductile ku fractures kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo, monga ma bollards ndi chitetezo champhamvu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mphamvu zamphepo ndi malo ena opsinjika kwambiri komwe kukhazikika komanso kusinthasintha ndikofunikira.